Basic Principle of Design
In order to create an effective and aesthetically pleasing composition, a designer must follow the design principles. Design principles include Emphasis, Balance, Alignment, Contrast, Repetition, Proportion, Movement, and White Space.
The structure underneath every design piece creates visual interest and balance and holds up the design. Designers will be able to break these rules once they understand the principles.
Types of basic design principles:
1. Alignment
A design principle that is crucial is alignment. Making sure your various elements of the design are connected in a pleasing way, helps ensure a sharp, ordered appearance for better designs.
Alignment involves aligning visual elements in a composition so they match up. To create a sharp and clear outcome, alignment is used to organize elements, group elements, create balance, create structure, and create connections between elements.
2. Contrast
Contrast refers to the ways in which different elements of a design are distinguished from one another. Creating accessible designs requires a lot of contrast. Particularly for people with visual impairments, inadequate contrast can make text content very difficult to read.
3. Balance
A composition’s balance refers to the visual weight of its elements. The purpose of balance is to add stability, structure, emphasis, and dynamics. Visual elements should be arranged in an aesthetically pleasing manner in order to achieve a particular aesthetic or function.
4. Visual Hierarchy
A visual hierarchy indicates the importance of elements by arranging them in order. Users understand information easier when visual characteristics, such as menu icons, are structured in a way that makes sense to them. Laying out elements logically and strategically influences users’ perceptions and guides their actions.
5. Proportion
In design, proportion refers to the relationship between one part of the design and another part or to the whole design. This is a comparison of sizes, shapes, and quantities. The unequal lengths of a wall hanging, for instance, may produce an interesting contrast between its vertical and horizontal measurements.
6. Color Psychology
Color psychology can be used strategically in design to evoke certain subconscious emotions. A bright red button, for example, would grab someone’s attention on a website. Context, however, is also important. The use of different color combinations offers varied visual contrasts and experiences for the viewer, making it an essential element for graphic designers alike.
7. Typography
Typography is an essential component of effective design. The right typography helps you balance the visual content and the visual structure of your design, whether you’re designing for print or the web.
8. Whitespace
In a design composition, white space refers to any empty or blank space surrounding all other elements. A user can see it between text, images, buttons, and other objects on a screen or page.
White space refers to all areas that do not contain any text or images, White space, also known as negative space, can be classified based on its size and use in a design. The term active white space refers to space that is intentionally added in order to highlight certain elements
9. Margin
The margin is the space between the border and the next element in your design. Consider the space outside the border and between it and the other elements. This is the entire margin. The margin goes around the content on all four sides, and you can set each margin separately.
10. Simplicity
It is the art of minimizing, refining or editing a design in order to make it more simple. A design does not have to be stripped down to the point of being soulless in order to be simple. Harmony and balance between visual elements are also important. The goal of design is to avoid visual competition and achieve visual harmony.
11. Unity
Each element of the design must coexist with one another to form an aesthetically pleasing piece of work. Unity is the principle that connects all other principles within the design. In the end, unity gives a design a sense of cohesion in spite of varying scales, contrasts, or styles within it.
12. High-resolution Image
One of the most important design principles is to use only high-quality pictures in your design. In order to make it easier to see, it is best to avoid pictures with low resolution because it is easier to see a high-quality picture.
13. Wind direction
It is also important to consider the direction of the wind when designing, as we can move our specific objects in that direction. This principle is most applicable to the movement of objects.
14. Light direction
A light direction principle refers to the direction of light towards an object and the direction in which its shadow will be cast. Shadows will be cast in the same direction for all objects.
